Unusual Antique Sunday School Temperance Pledge: Wine, Beer, Cider, Tobacco--and Opium! boy with bicycle as I believe is the

as I believe is the case with this painting

" told here to have been found on the dead body of pioneer and Texas folk hero James Bowie at the Battle of the Alamo

"which surely was the cost of it

Not perfect

as if to say there is always a way

Unusual Antique Sunday School Temperance Pledge: Wine, Beer, Cider, Tobacco--and Opium! boy with bicycle as I believe is theThis just struck me as a fun little bit of history a Sunday School temperance pledge, c. 1880s I believe, which not only includes abstention from alcohol (wine, beer and cider) but also from tobacco and, most uncommonly, opium! These were a important component of the temperance movement in the 19th and early 20th century, and were often signed in public settings and organizational contexts, Sunday schools among them, to heighten accountability. I